Unauthorized use prohibited. Textbook of Neonatal Resuscitation | AAP Books | American Academy of CPAP, a form of respiratory support, helps newly born infants keep their lungs open. The Neonatal Life Support Writing Group includes neonatal physicians and nurses with backgrounds in clinical medicine, education, research, and public health. Exothermic mattresses have been reported to cause local heat injury and hyperthermia.15, When babies are born in out-of-hospital, resource-limited, or remote settings, it may be reasonable to prevent hypothermia by using a clean food-grade plastic bag13 as an alternative to skin-to-skin contact.8. In term and late preterm newborns (35 wk or more of gestation) receiving respiratory support at birth, the initial use of 21% oxygen is reasonable. The heart rate response to chest compressions and medications should be monitored electrocardiographically. Therapeutic hypothermia is recommended in infants born at 36 weeks' gestation or later with evolving moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. A nonrandomized trial showed that endotracheal suctioning did not decrease the incidence of meconium aspiration syndrome or mortality. Newborn resuscitation requires anticipation and preparation by providers who train individually and as teams. Review of the knowledge chunks during this update identified numerous questions and practices for which evidence was weak, uncertain, or absent. Breathing is stimulated by gently rubbing the infant's back. Important aspects of neonatal resuscitation are the hospital policy and planning that ensure necessary equipment and personnel are present before delivery.1 Anticipation and preparation are essential elements for successful resuscitation,18 and this requires timely and accurate communication between the obstetric team and the neonatal resuscitation team. Preterm infants less than 32 weeks' gestation are more likely to develop hyperoxemia with the initial use of 100 percent oxygen, and develop hypoxemia with 21 percent oxygen compared with an initial concentration of 30 or 90 percent oxygen. 2020;142(suppl 2):S524S550.
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