b. capitalize on the probability that they will find significant differences between the Heuristics are mental shortcuts individual use to solve problems. [1] The model states that individuals can process messages in one of two ways: heuristically or systematically. b. the tendency to see others as we see ourselves. They have a structured process designed to solve that specific problem. Someone is offered a job and accepts it without further details. According to cognitive dissonance theory, he will probably spend most of his time concentrating on: PSY 3510- Quizzes 8-13 Flashcards | Quizlet In the years since, the study of heuristics has grown in popularity with economists and in cognitive psychology. c. the contrast effect. c. you become less likely to play with it later, when you are not rewarded. However, you are not likely going to engage in an extensive review of evidence to help you reach that final decision. Studies suggest that people who are fantasy-prone are more likely to experience source monitoring errors (Winograd, Peluso, & Glover, 1998), and such errors also occur more often for both children and the elderly than for adolescents and younger adults (Jacoby & Rhodes, 2006). An excellent case study for the flaws and complications of heuristics is the hypothetical case of Audrey, a hypochondriac whose vitamin-taking regimen is challenged by a new study linking vitamins with increased risk of death. When we make rational choices, our brains weigh all the information, pros and cons, and any relevant data. original experiment on representativeness heuristic. Now you're likely to think that the figure of 90 million is significant, that it's some kind of guide to the truth, and guess around it (say 80 . overall impressions of another person. By knowing when these heuristics may be working against us rather than for us, we can choose when to engage in deeper critical thinking and learn to overcome our own biases. Chapter 12: Deductive Reasoning and Decision Making Now, because theyre aware of their bias, they can build it into their investment strategy. Although her situation is unique, the way she uses heuristics will follow common patterns of thinking.
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